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1.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37650015

RESUMO

Oral manifestations in patients with COVID-19 have already been reported in the literature. Determining whether the oral manifestations in these cases are directly related to SARS-CoV-2 infection or not has been challenging for both clinicians and researchers, although at present it has not been possible to prove. There are several possible causes for the development of the oral lesions in patients with COVID-19, among them are, opportunistic infections, drug reactions, iatrogenic and those directly related to viral infection. The present work describes the main characteristics of 10 severe COVID-19 hospitalized patients with oral manifestations. By analyzing the characteristics of the reported patients, and what is published in the literature, we conclude that for this series of cases the manifestations are not directly related to SARS-CoV-2, however, it is a possibility that should be considered for all patients.

2.
Rev. ADM ; 80(2): 76-81, mar.-abr. 2023. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1513112

RESUMO

La cirugía de terceros molares es uno de los procedimientos más realizados dentro de la práctica odontológica, generalmente conlleva la prescripción de fármacos, incluidos antibióticos indicados para prevenir la aparición de procesos infecciosos. La resistencia antimicrobiana es considerada como un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial, por lo que el uso de antibióticos debe ser cauteloso. La solución electrolizada de súperoxidación ha demostrado tener efectos bactericidas, virucidas y ha sido utilizada para la prevención y el tratamiento de procesos infecciosos. El objetivo del presente estudio fue demostrar la efectividad de dicha solución en la prevención de infecciones posteriores a la cirugía de terceros molares. Se realizó un estudio aleatorizado, ciego, prospectivo en 20 pacientes utilizando un diseño split mouth, en donde cada paciente fue sujeto control y experimental, en el grupo control se irrigó durante el procedimiento con solución de súperoxidación y no se prescribió antibiótico posterior, mientras que en el grupo control se irrigó con solución fisiológica y se prescribió antibiótico posterior. Se realizaron 40 cirugías en 20 pacientes utilizando en cada paciente ambas terapéuticas. Se analizó el dolor postoperatorio, inflamación y presencia de infección. El dolor y la inflamación fueron ligeramente superiores en el grupo experimental al tercer día; sin embargo, al séptimo día los resultados fueron similares. No se presentó ningún caso de infección postoperatoria. El uso de solución de súperoxidación transoperatoria puede ser una herramienta muy útil en la prevención de infecciones postoperatorias posterior a cirugía de terceros molares en pacientes sanos en cirugías con dificultad leve a moderada (AU)


Third molar surgery is one of the most performed procedures in dental practice, generally involving the prescription of drugs including antibiotics indicated to prevent the onset of infectious processes. Antimicrobial resistance is considered a public health problem worldwide, so the use of antibiotics should be cautious. The electrolyzed super oxidation solution has been shown to have bactericidal and virucidal effects and has been used for the prevention and treatment of infectious processes. The objective of the present study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of said solution in the prevention of infections after third molar surgery. A randomized, blind, prospective study was conducted in 20 patients using a split mouth design where each patient was a control and experimental subject, in the control group they were irrigated during the procedure with super oxidation solution and no subsequent antibiotic was prescribed. while the control group was irrigated with physiological solution and a subsequent antibiotic was prescribed. Forty surgeries were performed on 20 patients using both therapies in each patient. Postoperative pain, inflammation and presence of infection were analyzed. Pain and inflammation were slightly higher in the experimental group on third day, however on seventh day the results were similar. There were no cases of postoperative infection. The use of trans operative super oxidation solution can be a very useful tool in the prevention of postoperative infections after third molar surgery in healthy patients undergoing surgeries with mild to moderate difficulty.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos , Oxidação , Dente Serotino/cirurgia , Antissépticos Bucais/uso terapêutico , Dor Pós-Operatória/prevenção & controle , Extração Dentária/efeitos adversos , Método Duplo-Cego , Ensaio Clínico Controlado Aleatório
3.
Odontol. sanmarquina (Impr.) ; 25(1): e22081, ene.-mar. 2022.
Artigo em Espanhol, Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1358547

RESUMO

El ameloblastoma es la segunda neoplasia odontogénica más común, es benigno, presenta un comportamiento agresivo e infiltrante localmente, y con una alta tasa de recidiva; por lo que su tratamiento es muy controversial. Se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino de 14 años de edad, sin antecedentes médicos de relevancia, con aumento de volumen en la región mandibular posterior lado izquierda, dura, con color similar a piel adyacente y sin dolor a la palpación. Se le realizó punción y una biopsia incisional, obteniendose como resultado histopatológico: ameloblastoma uniquístico mural, el cual es tratado de forma conservadora con curetaje y ostectomía periférica, evolucionando favorablemente y rehabilitado con implantes osteointegrados. Las modalidades de tratamiento se pueden dividir en radical y conservadora. La técnica a elegir depende principalmente del tipo del ameloblastoma, seguido por la histología, su localización, el tamaño y la edad del paciente; por lo que cada tratamiento debe ser estudiado e individualizado.


Ameloblastomas are the second most common odontogenic neoplasms, they are benign, however, they present an aggressive and locally infiltrative behavior, with a high recurrence rate; so its treatment is very controversial. We present the case of a 14-year-old male patient, with no relevant medical history, with increased volume in the posterior mandibular region left side, hard, with a color like the adjacent skin and painless on palpation. A puncture and an incisional biopsy were performed, obtaining as a histopathological result: mural unicystic ameloblastoma, which was treated conservatively with curettage and peripheral ostectomy, evolving favorably and rehabilitated with osseointegrated implants. Treatment modalities can be divided into radical and conservative. The technique to choose depends mainly on the type of ameloblastoma, followed by histology, its location, size and age of the patient; so each treatment must be studied and individualized.

4.
Rev. ADM ; 78(1): 28-32, ene.-feb- 2021. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1177455

RESUMO

Objetivo: Determinar el conocimiento y la conciencia que tienen los médicos sobre la osteonecrosis relacionada con bifosfonatos. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal, en el cual se encuestó a médicos generales y especialistas con la finalidad de identificar el nivel de conocimientos y conciencia que tienen sobre el tema. Resultados: Se entrevistó a un total de 475 médicos generales y especialistas, de los cuales 210 (44.2%) mencionaron prescribir bifosfonatos, de este grupo 58.1% no envía a los pacientes con el odontólogo para eliminar factores de riesgo, a pesar de que 61.8% de los mismos mencionó conocer las reacciones adversas; 36 médicos (17.4%) han visto a algún paciente con osteonecrosis por bifosfonatos. El 37% de los médicos que prescriben medicamentos consideran que no es necesario remitir a los pacientes al odontólogo. Conclusiones: La prescripción de bifosfonatos en la práctica médica va en aumento, los médicos deben tener el conocimiento adecuado sobre las reacciones adversas de estos medicamentos para así poder referir oportunamente al odontólogo, educar al paciente y poder prevenir complicaciones como la osteonecrosis relacionada con bifosfonatos (AU)


Objectives : To evaluate the knowledge and awareness of physicians about bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws. Material and methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out among general practitioners and specialized physicians to determine their knowledge and awareness of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws. Results: Of the 475 interviewed general practitioners and specialized physicians, 210 (44.2%) claimed to prescribe bisphosphonates. A total of 58.1% of these physicians did not refer their patients to the dentist for the elimination of risk factors, despite the fact that 61.8% of them reported knowledge of the adverse reactions of these drugs. Thirty-six physicians (17.4%) had seen some patient with bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws. A total of 37% of the physicians that prescribed drugs considered it not necessary to refer patients to the dentist. Conclusions: Bisphosphonate prescription is increasingly common in medical practice, and physicians must have adequate knowledge of the adverse reactions of these drugs in order to ensure opportune patient referral to the dentist, educate their patients, and avoid complications such as bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Médicos/psicologia , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Difosfonatos/efeitos adversos , Osteonecrose da Arcada Osseodentária Associada a Difosfonatos , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Conscientização , Estudos Transversais , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Fatores de Risco , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , México
5.
Rev. ADM ; 77(6): 329-336, nov.-dic. 2020. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1151749

RESUMO

La mediastinitis se define como una inflamación aguda severa de los tejidos conectivos ubicados en la cavidad torácica media, en la que 20% de los casos puede implicar una infección difusa y polimicrobiana del mediastino denominada mediastinitis necrotizante descendente (MND), secundaria a la propagación de una infección grave desde los tejidos bucofaríngeos o cervicales tales como infecciones odontogénicas (de 36 a 47%), faríngeas (de 33 a 45%), cervicales (15%) y otras infecciones de cabeza y cuello (5%). Clínicamente, los pacientes presentan aumento de volumen, temblores, trismus, odinofagia con disnea, disfagia, hipotensión, dolor de cuerpo y del ángulo de la mandíbula. Puede observarse signo de Hamman (crepitación mediastinal con el latido cardiaco) y enfisema subcutáneo. El manejo quirúrgico de las infecciones odontogénicas, sin importar su severidad, consta de dos principios: eliminar el foco etiológico y el vaciamiento quirúrgico de los espacios anatómicos comprometidos con la instalación de un drenaje adecuado. Se presenta el caso de un masculino de 60 años con diagnóstico de mediastinitis necrotizante descendente de origen dental (AU)


Mediastinitis is defined as a severe acute inflammation of the connective tissues affected in the middle thoracic cavity, in which 20% of cases may involve a diffuse and polymicrobial infection of the mediastinum, descending necrotizing mediastinitis (MND), secondary to the spread of a serious infection from the oropharyngeal or cervical tissues, stories such as odontogenic infections (36 to 47%), pharyngeal (33 to 45%), cervical (15%) and other head and neck infections (5%). Clinically, patients present with increased volume, tremors, trismus, odynophagia with dyspnea, dysphagia, hypotension, pain in the body and in the angle of the jaw. Hamman sign (mediastinal crepitus with heartbeat) and subcutaneous emphysema may be observed. The surgical management of odontogenic infections, regardless of their severity, consists of two principles: eliminate the etiological focus and the surgical emptying of the anatomical spaces compromised with the installation of adequate drainage. We present the case of a 60-year-old man diagnosed with descending necrotizing (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infecção Focal Dentária/complicações , Mediastinite , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Enfisema Subcutâneo , Extração Dentária , Cavidade Torácica , Mandíbula , México , Dente Molar/patologia
6.
Odontol. vital ; (32)jun. 2020.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1386425

RESUMO

Resumen Los lipomas son considerados los tumores de origen mesenquimatoso más comunes del tejido blando; de ellos el 13% del total se ubican en cabeza y cuello, pero es difícil encontrarlos en la región oral y maxilofacial. La localización más común de lipomas dentro de la región oral y maxilofacial ha sido reportada en la mucosa bucal, lengua y piso de boca. Los lipomas son neoplasias que se presentan típicamente como una masa suave, de superficie lisa, nodular, amarillenta y asintomática. Histopatológicamente, el lipoma clásico asemeja un tejido normal adiposo y tiene múltiples variantes. Este artículo presenta el reporte de caso de un lipoma oral extenso en un paciente femenino de 46 años de edad en la mucosa yugal, tratado quirúrgicamente con adecuada evolución. Asimismo se realiza la revisión de literatura con sus variantes histopatológicas.


Abstract Lipomas are considered the most frequent mesenchymal tumors of soft tissue, 13% are located in head and neck but it´s difficult to find them in the oral and maxillofacial region. The most common location of lipomas within the oral and maxillofacial region has been reported in the buccal mucosa, tongue and floor of the mouth. Lipomas are neoplasias that typically present as a soft, smooth-surfaced, nodular, yellowish, and asymptomatic mass. Histopathologically, the classical lipoma resembles normal adipose tissue and it has multiple variants. This article presents a case report of a relatively large oral classical lipoma in a 46 year-old woman on mandibular buccal vestibule, along with a review of the literature and its histopatho-logical variants.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Bucais , Lipoma/diagnóstico , México
7.
Artigo em Espanhol, Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1097501

RESUMO

Los linfomas no Hodgkin conforman un grupo de neoplasias malignas de origen lin-foide, clasificadas, de acuerdo con su correspondiente estirpe celular, como linfomas de células B o T. En su mayoría, estas entidades, provienen de linfocitos B, siendo el más frecuente el linfoma difuso de células B grandes (DLBCL). En cavidad oral, los linfomas no-Hodgkin tienen una baja incidencia y su pronóstico, evolución clínica y respuesta a los tratamientos, dependen del subtipo presentado. Estas neoplasias pueden desarrollarse en los tejidos blandos de la cavidad oral o de forma central en los maxilares. Se reporta un paciente de 80 años con una lesión correspondiente a linfoma no Hodgkin de células B grandes en cavidad oral, que se trató con quimioterapia y radioterapia, respondiendo favorablemente al tratamiento. Asimismo, con el objetivo de describir este tipo de lesio-nes poco frecuentes en cavidad oral y de valorar el pronóstico que estas tienen, se realizó una revisión de la literatura. Se concluye que debido a que el pronóstico de este tipo de lesiones depende del subtipo de linfoma no Hodgkin del que se trate y de su localización anatómica resulta muy importante realizar un correcto diagnóstico, de modo que se logre aplicar el tratamiento más adecuado para cada caso.


Non-Hodgkin lymphomas make up a group of malignant neoplasms of lymphoid origin, according to their corresponding cell line, as B or T cell lymphomas classified. Mostly, these entities come from B lymphocytes, being the most frequent diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). In the oral cavity, non-Hodgkin lymphomas have low incidence and their prognosis, clinical evolution and response to treatments, depend on the subtype presented. These malignancies can develop in soft tissues of the oral cavity or centrally in the jaws. We report an 80-year-old patient with an injury corresponding to large B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the oral cavity, who has been treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy, responding favorably to treatment. Likewise, in order to describe this infre-quent type of lesions of the oral cavity and to assess the prognosis they have, a literature review was performed. It is concluded that because of the prognosis of this type of lesions Non-Hodgkin lymphomas make up a group of malignant neoplasms of lymphoid origin, according to their corresponding cell line, as B or T cell lymphomas classified. Mostly, these entities come from B lymphocytes, being the most frequent diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). In the oral cavity, non-Hodgkin lymphomas have low incidence and their prognosis, clinical evolution and response to treatments, depend on the subtype presented. These malignancies can develop in soft tissues of the oral cavity or centrally in the jaws. We report an 80-year-old patient with an injury corresponding to large B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the oral cavity, who has been treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy, responding favorably to treatment. Likewise, in order to describe this infre-quent type of lesions of the oral cavity and to assess the prognosis they have, a literature review was performed. It is concluded that because of the prognosis of this type of lesions .

8.
Rev. esp. cir. oral maxilofac ; 39(2): 85-90, abr.-jun. 2017. graf, tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-161182

RESUMO

La artritis reumatoide (AR) es una enfermedad sistémica crónica inflamatoria caracterizada por una respuesta inmune patogénica que ocasiona daño articular el cual puede ser incapacitante e incluso condicionar una muerte prematura. Entre las articulaciones afectadas puede encontrarse la articulación temporomandibular (ATM) ocasionando dolor, crepitación, inflamación y limitación de los movimientos mandibulares. La disfunción de la ATM es una entidad muy común, por lo que el objetivo de este estudio fue determinar en qué medida los pacientes con AR tienen afección de la ATM comparado con pacientes sanos e identificar las principales diferencias en la presentación clínica, para lo cual se realizó un estudio de casos y controles. Se incluyeron 37 pacientes en cada grupo. En el grupo de pacientes con AR se encontró una afección de la ATM en el 75% de los pacientes (28 casos), mientras que en el grupo control solo el 13,5% (5 casos). Los hallazgos identificados en el grupo de pacientes con AR y disfunción de ATM fueron principalmente desviación mandibular, ruidos articulares, pérdida dental, dolor articular y limitación de la apertura. En este estudio se pudo identificar que existe un riesgo 82% (OR 19,9, IC=0,71-0,89) veces mayor de desarrollar disfunción de ATM en pacientes con AR comparado con pacientes sanos, por lo que resulta de suma importancia realizar revisiones periódicas de la ATM con el fin de identificar signos y síntomas tempranos para así evitar la progresión de la disfunción, lo cual se verá reflejado en una mejor nutrición y calidad de vida del paciente (AU)


Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease characterised by a pathogenic immune response that causes joint damage that can be disabling and even cause premature death. The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) can also be affected, causing pain, crepitus, swelling, and limitation of mandibular movements. TMJ dysfunction is a very common condition, thus the aim of this study was to determine to what extent patients with RA have TMJ dysfunction compared with healthy patients and to identify the main differences in the clinical presentation. A case-control study was performed with the objective of identifying the main differences in the clinical presentation. A total of 37 patients were included in each group. In the group of patients with RA it was found that 75% of patients (28 cases) had TMJ dysfunction, while in the control group there were only 13.5% (5 cases). The findings identified in the group of patients with RA and TMJ dysfunction were mainly: mandibular deviation, joint sounds, tooth loss, joint pain, and limitation of the opening. This study was able to identify that there is an increased risk of 82% (OR 19.9, 95% CI=0.71-0.89) in developing TMJ dysfunction in patients with RA compared with healthy patients. It is concluded that it is important to perform periodic TMJ exploration to be able to identify early signs and symptoms of dysfunction to avoid progression. This would be reflected in better nutrition and quality of life of the patient (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Transtornos da Articulação Temporomandibular/complicações , Artrite Reumatoide/complicações , Fatores de Risco , Articulação Temporomandibular , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Intervalos de Confiança
9.
Med. oral patol. oral cir. bucal (Internet) ; 22(1): e184-e87, ene. 2017. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-159771

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis is an infrequent but potentially serious complication. Its treatment remains complex, and in some cases can be mutilating. Prevention, a correct diagnosis and opportune management are crucial. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was made, interviewing 410 dentists with the aim of assessing their knowledge of the subject. RESULTS: Practically all of the dental professionals (99.7%) were found to lack sufficient knowledge of the prevention, diagnosis and management of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis. CONCLUSIONS: Actions including increased diffusion in the professional media and inclusion of the subject in training programs are needed in order to enhance the knowledge of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis among dentists and thus prevent complications in this group of patients


Assuntos
Humanos , Osteonecrose da Arcada Osseodentária Associada a Difosfonatos/epidemiologia , Difosfonatos/efeitos adversos , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Odontólogos/estatística & dados numéricos , Pesquisas sobre Atenção à Saúde , Estudos Transversais , México/epidemiologia
10.
Rev. ADM ; 73(4): 212-217, jul.-ago. 2016. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-835297

RESUMO

El autotrasplante dental se define como el traslado de un diente de su alveolo a un alveolo post-extracción o alveolo confeccionado quirúrgicamente, en la misma persona. Actualmente siguiendo los criterios de selección adecuados así como una técnica quirúrgica minuciosa puede resultar una alternativa terapéutica ideal en ciertos pacientes. Las tasas de éxito han aumentado con el tiempo alcanzando cifras mayores al90%. En el presente artículo se reportan dos casos de éxito de autotransplantesdentales y se revisan las indicaciones, contraindicaciones y criterios de éxito de los mismos.


Autogenous tooth transplantation is defined as the movement of a tooth from its socket to a post-extraction or surgically created socketin the same individual. Today, by following appropriate selection criteria and a refi ned surgical technique, this procedure can prove tobe an ideal therapeutic alternative in certain patients. Success rateshave increased over time, reaching as high as 90%. In this article, wepresent two cases of successful autogenous tooth transplantation and a review of the indications, contraindications, and success criteria associated with these.


Assuntos
Humanos , Adolescente , Feminino , Dente Impactado/cirurgia , Dente/transplante , Transplante Autólogo/métodos , Extração Dentária/métodos , Dente Molar , Radiografia Panorâmica , Resultado do Tratamento , Dente Serotino , Transplante Autólogo
11.
Univ. odontol ; 30(64): 57-66, ene.-jun. 2011. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-667733

RESUMO

Las cardiopatías congénitas se definen como lesiones anatómicas del corazón y sus componentes que se presentan en el nacimiento y representan un problema de salud pública de primer orden. Los pacientes afectados presentan sintomatología muy diversa y requieren un manejo estomatológico adecuado y de calidad que les permita mantener su salud bucal sin poner en riesgo su salud general. Existe muy poca literatura sobre el manejoestomatológico del paciente pediátrico con cardiopatía congénita, por lo que se realizó una búsqueda sistematizada sobre el tema en las principales bases de datos científicas, así como en revistas especializadas, con el objetivo de analizar la literatura, y basándose en esta proponer pautas para el manejo estomatológico de estos pacientes...


Congenital heart diseases are defined as anatomical lesions of the heart that are presented at birth and represent a first-priority public health problem. Patients affected by this kind ofpathologies show a large variety of symptoms and require proper dental care to maintain a healthy oral and overall status. Literature about dental pediatric care of patients with congenital heart diseases is limited. A systematic search in scientific databases and specialized journals on the subject was carried out with the aim of analyzing the available literature and propose dental guidelines for these patients...


Assuntos
Criança , Endocardite/complicações , Endocardite/congênito , Endocardite/genética , Odontopediatria
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